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This webpage reproduces part of
Cities in the Sand
Leptis Magna and Sabratha
in Roman Africa
text by Kenneth D. Matthews, Jr.
photographs by Alfred W. Cook

published by University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia,
1957

Both text and photographs are in the public domain.

This page has been carefully proofread
and I believe it to be free of errors.
If you find a mistake though,
please let me know!

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p11 Table of Illustrations

Maps

Defensive Organization of Roman Tripolitania 18
Roman Africa 21

Plates

Leptis Magna

1. Aerial view looking east. 59
2. Aerial view looking northeast over the Theatre. 60
3. View of arches forming the southeastern entrance to the Market. 61
4. View of arches forming the entrance at the southeastern end of the Market. 62
5. Architrave block over the entrance to the court or chamber at the southeast end of the stage of the Theatre. 63
6. View along the street leading to the southeast entrance of the Theatre. 64
7. The Theatre as seen from the southwest. 65
8. Interior of the Theatre. 66
9. View showing the seats of the Theatre. 57
10. The location in the Theatre where the Temple or Shrine to Ceres was placed. 68
11. The northwestern end of the auditorium of the Theatre. 69
12. The upper stories of the Theatre's outer wall. 70
13. View looking northwest across end wall of the Chalcidicum toward the outer wall of the Theatre. 71
14. The southeastern section of the Theatre's outer wall. 72
15. The southeastern section of the Theatre's outer wall as seen from the street. 73
16. Aerial view showing the Theatre, the Chalcidicum enclosure, and the Market. 74
17. The stage of the Theatre as seen looking across to the southeast entrance. 75
18. Ruins of the stage in the Theatre looking toward the northwestern exit. 76
19. View of the stage in the Theatre as seen from the floor of the orchestra. 77
20. The stage of the Theatre as viewed from the upper row of seats at the western side of the auditorium. 78
21. View of the Theatre stage from one of the auditorium entrances in the western section. 79
 p12  22. The columned portico of the Chalcidicum fa­cing on the Cardo. 80
23. View of the columns on the platform located in front of the small temple in the main southeast entrance colonnade of the Chalcidicum. 81
24. The main southeast colonnade of the Chalcidicum entrance. 82
25. The Arch of Trajan as seen from the southwest, spanning the Cardo. 83
26. View looking northeast along the Cardo to the Arch of Trajan and the Arch of Tiberius. 84
27. The western pool in the frigidarium of the Hadrianic Baths. 85
28. Detail of the stone archway over the entrance to the pool in the tepidarium of the Hadrianic Baths. 86
29. The latrine in the northeast corner of the Hadrianic Baths. 87
30. View of the Palaestra in front of the Hadrianic Baths. 88
31. Eastern end of the Palaestra. 89
32. View looking northwest along the street leading to the four‑way Arch of Septimius Severus. 90
33. The southwestern side of the four‑way Arch of Septimius Severus. 91
34. The southwestern side of the four‑way Arch of Septimius Severus, showing the Arch of Trajan in the distance. 92
35. Inscription to Augusta Salutaris atop the northwest wall of the Cardo. 93
36. A closer view of the inscription to Augusta Salutaris. 94
37. Interior of the Severan Forum looking toward the Basilica at the northeast end. 95
38. The reconstituted arches of the southeastern section of the colonnade surrounding the Severan Forum. 96
39. One of the Gorgon heads on the southeastern arcade of the Severan Forum. 97
40. View looking toward the southeastern apse of the Severan Basilica. 98
41. Interior of the Severan Basilica. 99
42. A portion of the northeastern colonnade of the Severan Basilica. 100

Sabratha

43. View looking eastward along the coast. 101
44. Aerial view showing the Theatre, the Temple of Isis, the Forum, and the courtyard of the Antonine Temple. 102
 p13  45. Aerial view looking westward. 103
46. The Forum looking toward the southwest end. 104
47. Columns standing on the southeast wall of the podium of the East Forum Temple, and columns from the Forum's southeast portico. 105
48. Columns on the southeast wall of the podium of the East Forum Temple as seen from the inside of the podium. 106
49. The Forum as seen looking northwest over the adjacent ruins. 107
50. View looking northwest toward the Forum. 108
51. The opening or gate in the Byzantine wall. 109
52. The sunken court and surrounding colonnade of a private house. 110
53. View looking northeast toward the Theatre. 111
54. The southwestern wall of the Theatre auditorium. 112
55. View of the supporting walls and corridors beneath the seats of the Theatre. 113
56. Interior of the Theatre auditorium. 114
57. Aerial view of the Theatre from the southeast. 115
58. The Theatre as viewed from the southwest. 116
59. View looking northeast from the seating area of the Theatre. 117
60. The exterior wall of the Theatre auditorium as seen from the west. 118
61. The southwestern section of the auditorium wall of the Theatre. 119
62. View into the peripheral corridor beneath the seats on the western side of the Theatre. 120
63. The west end of the scaenae frons of the Theatre. 121
64. The Theatre as seen from the south. 122
65. The west face of the Theatre auditorium. 123
66. View looking north through the ruins of the seats in the auditorium toward the scaenae frons of the Theatre. 124
67. Looking northwest toward the stage of the Theatre. 125
68. The scaenae frons, the stage, and the orchestra of the Theatre. 126
69. The stage of the Theatre viewed from its western end. 127
70. A decorated niche in the supporting wall along the front of the stage in the Theatre. 128
71. Decorative frieze along the supporting wall of the Theatre stage. 129

 p14  Art Treasures from Leptis Magna and Sabratha

72. Antinous-like statue from the Hadrianic Baths (Leptis Magna). 130
[MissingALT.] Plate 73. Statue of Artemis of Ephesus (Leptis Magna). 131
[MissingALT.]

Plate 74. Imperial statue showing close view of the detail on the cuirass (Leptis Magna).

132

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[MissingALT.] Plate 75. Marble statue of a goddess (Leptis Magna). 133
[MissingALT.] Plate 76. Marble portrait heads for insertion in statues (Leptis Magna). 134
[MissingALT.] Plate 77. Marble statue of a god or hero. 135
[MissingALT.] Plate 78. Marble statues and a Punic inscription (Leptis Magna). 136
[MissingALT.] Plate 79. Marble statue of Athena (Leptis Magna). 137
[MissingALT.] Plate 80. Marble statue of a god (Leptis Magna). 138
[MissingALT.] Plate 81. Statue of Aphrodite (Leptis Magna). 139
[MissingALT.] Plate 82. Marble portrait statue of a magistrate (Leptis Magna). 140
[MissingALT.] Plate 83. Reconstruction of the Exedra of Septimius Severus (Leptis Magna). 141
[MissingALT.] Plate 84. Mosaic, fragments of statues, and portrait heads (Leptis Magna). 142
[MissingALT.]

Plate 85. Mosaic from the region just to the north of the Palaestra (Leptis Magna).

143

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[MissingALT.] Plate 86. Portrait head of Augustus (Leptis Magna). 144
[MissingALT.] Plate 87. Portrait head of Tiberius (Leptis Magna). 145
[MissingALT.] Plate 88. Julio-Claudian portrait head. 146
[MissingALT.] Plate 89. A group of three marble statues (Leptis Magna). 147
[MissingALT.] Plate 90. Mosaic. 148
[MissingALT.] Plate 91. Mosaic (Sabratha). 149
[MissingALT.] Plate 92. Mosaic decoration from the Oceanus Baths (Sabratha). 150
[MissingALT.] Plate 93. Mosaics (Sabratha). 151
[MissingALT.] Plate 94. Bust of the goddess Concordia (Sabratha). 152
[MissingALT.] Plate 95. Statue of the goddess Coelestis (Sabratha). 153
96. Mosaics and column bases from the Justinianic Basilica (Sabratha). 154
97. Mosaic from the Justinianic Basilica (Sabratha). 155

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