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William T. Sherman |
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William Tecumseh Sherman: Born Jan. 31, 1818, Lancaster, OH. Military History. — Cadet at the Military Academy, July 1, 1836, to July 1, 1840, when he was graduated and promoted in the Army to Second Lieut., 3d Artillery, July 1, 1840. Served: in the Florida War, 1840‑42; in garrison at Ft. Morgan, Ala., (First Lieut., 3d Artillery, Nov. 30, 1841) 1842, — Ft. Moultrie, S. C., 1842‑43, 1843‑44, — Bellefontaine, Ala., 1844, — and Ft. Moultrie, S. C., 1844‑45, 1845‑46; on Recruiting service at Pittsburg, Pa., 1846; on voyage to California, 1846‑47; in the War with Mexico, in garrison at Monterey, Cal., 1847, — and as Acting Asst. Adjutant-General of the Department of California, May 31, 1847,
(Bvt. Capt., May 30, 1848,
to Feb. 27, 1849; as Aide-de‑Camp to Major-General P. F. Smith, and Acting Asst. Adjutant-General of the Pacific Division, headquarters at San Francisco, Cal., Feb. 27, 1849, to Jan. 1, 1850; in garrison at Jefferson (Captain, Staff — Commissary of Subsistence, Sep. 27, 1850) Barracks, Mo., 1850; and on Commissary duty at St. Louis, Mo., 1850‑52, — and at New Orleans, La., 1852‑53. Resigned, Sep. 6, 1853. Civil History. — Banker, San Francisco, Cal., 1853‑57, — and at New York city, 1857. Major-General, California Militia, 1856. Counselor at Law, Leavenworth, Kan., 1858‑59. Superintendent of the Louisiana "State Seminary of Learning and Military Academy," at Alexandria, La., and Professor of Engineering, Architecture, and Drawing, 1859‑61. President of the Fifth Street Railroad at St. Louis, Mo., 1861. Military History. — Re-appointed in the U. S. Army with the rank of Colonel, 13th Infantry, May 14, 1861. Served during the Rebellion of the Seceding States, 1861‑66: in p28 Defense of Washington, D. C., June 13 to July 15, 1861; in command (Brig.‑General, U. S. Volunteers, May 17, 1861)
of a brigade (Army of the Potomac), in the Manassas Campaign, July 15‑23, being engaged in the Battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861; in the defenses of Washington, D. C., July 23 to Aug. 28, 1861; in the Department of the Cumberland, Aug. 28 to Nov. 9, 1861, succeeding Brig.‑General (Maj.‑General, U. S. Volunteers, May 1, 1862, to Aug. 12, 1864) May 30, 1862, — and movement on Memphis, which he occupied, July 21, 1862; in command of the District of Memphis, Tenn., Oct. 26 to Dec. 20, 1862, being engaged, Nov. 26, 1862, in concert with General Grant, in driving the Rebels, intrenched behind the Tallahatchie, to Granada, Mis.; in command of the hastily organized Expedition to Vicksburg, Mis., being engaged in the attempt to carry the place by coup-de‑main, Dec. 27‑29, 1862; in command of the 15th Army Corps, Jan. 2, 1863, to Mar. 12, 1864; on the Expedition to Arkansas Post, Jan., 1863, which was carried by Assault, Jan. 11, 1863; in the Vicksburg Campaign, Jan.‑July, 1863, in command of 15th Army Corps, being engaged in the Expedition by Steele's Bayou to the Yazoo, Mar., 1863, — Demonstration upon Haines's Bluff, to hold the enemy about Vicksburg, Apr. 29‑30, 1863, — Advance to Grand Gulf, May 1‑6, 1863, — Skirmish at Fourteen Mile Creek, May 12, 1863, — Attack and Capture of Jackson, Mis., May 14, 1863, — March to Bridgeport, and Passage of Black River, May 16‑18, 1863, — Seizing of Walnut Hills, May 18, 1863, — Assaults of Vicksburg, May 19 and 22, 1863, and Siege of the place, May 22, till its unconditional surrender, July 4, 1863, — and Operations against the relieving (Brig.‑General, U. S. Army, July 4, 1863)
forces, resulting in the Capture of Jackson, Mis., July 16, 1863, with extensive destruction of Railroads, and forcing General (Major-General, U. S. Army, Aug. 12, 1864)
place, July 28 and Aug. 6, 1864, — Battle of Jonesborough, Aug. 31 to Sep. 1, 1864, — Surrender of Atlanta, Sep. 2, and Occupation of the place, Sep. 2 to Nov. 15, 1864, — Pursuit of Rebels under General (Lieut.‑General, U. S. Army, July 25, 1866) St. Louis, Mo., of the Military Division of the Mississippi, embracing the Departments of the Ohio, Missouri, and Arkansas. Served: as Member of Board to make recommendations for Brevets to general officers, Mar. 14‑24, 1866; and on Special Mission to Mexico, Nov.‑Dec., 1866; in command of the Division of the Missouri, Aug. 11, 1866, to Mar. 5, 1869; as Member of Board to examine proposed system (General, U. S. Army, Mar. 5, 1869) of Army Regulations, Dec., 1867, to Jan., 1868; commanding the Armies of the United States, Mar. 8, 1869, to Feb. 8, 1884; on tour of inspection of frontiers of Texas, Indian Territory, Kansas, and Nebraska, Apr. 4 to June 20, 1871; on professional duty in Europe, Nov. 10, 1871, to Sep. 17, 1872; as President of Howard Court of Inquiry, Mar., 1874; and on tour of Inspection of posts on the Yellowstone River, and in Montana Territory, June 26 to Oct. 22, 1877.
Retired from Active Service, Feb. 8, 1884,
p30 Civil History. — Degree of LL. D. conferred by Dartmouth College, N. H., July 19, 1866; Regent of the Smithsonian Institution, 1871‑83. [Supplement, Vol. IV: 1890‑1900] Vol. IV Buried, Calvary Cemetery, St. Louis, MO. Portrait and obituary in Annual Report, Association of Graduates, for 1891.º |
1 The Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, Resolved, Jan. 10, 1865: —
"That the thanks of the people and of the Congress of the United States are due, and are hereby tendered, to Major-General William T. Sherman, and, through him, to the officers and men under his command, for their gallantry and good conduct in their late campaign, from Chattanooga to Atlanta, and the triumphal march thence through Georgia to Savannah, terminating in the capture and occupation of that city; and that the President cause a copy of this Joint Resolution to be engrossed and forwarded to Major-General Sherman."
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