Class of 1853

Born July 1, 1833, Charles Town, WV.º

Military History. — Cadet at the Military Academy, July 1, 1849, to July 1, 1853, when he was graduated and promoted in the Army to

Bvt. Second Lieut., Corps of Engineers, July 1, 1853.

Served: as Asst. Engineer in repairing Forts Pulaski and Jackson, Ga., and in Improvement of Savannah River, 1853‑54, — in the repairs and construction of the Defenses of Charleston Harbor, S. C., 1854‑55,

(Second Lieut., Corps of Engineers, Mar. 3, 1855)

— and in building Ft. Jefferson, Tortugas, Fla., 1856; as Assistant to the Chief Engineer at Washington, D. C., 1856‑59; as Superintending Engineer in building Ft. Delaware, Delaware Bay, 1858; at the Military Academy, as Principal Assistant Professor of Engineering, Aug. 31,

(First Lieut., Corps of Engineers, July 1, 1859)

1859, to June 18, 1863, — and Treasurer, July 27, 1861, to June 24, 1863; and in command of Detachment of Engineer Soldiers at West Point, N. Y., July 27, 1861, to June 24, 1862.

Served during the Rebellion of the Seceding States, 1862‑66: as Chief engineer of the Division of Brig.‑General G. W. Morgan (Army of the Ohio), June 23 to Oct. 4, 1862, being engaged in the Defense of Cumberland Gap, E. Ten., June 23 to Sep. 17, 1862, — and of the Department of the Monongahela, June 10 to Aug. 1, 1863, being engaged in

(Captain, Corps of Engineers, Mar. 3, 1863)

constructing the Defenses of Pittsburg, Pa., which was threatened by the command of General John Morgan and other rebel raiders; as Assistant to the Chief of Engineers at Washington, D. C., Aug. 1 to Sep. 16, 1863; as Asst. Engineer in the construction of the Defenses of Baltimore Harbor, Md., Sep. 16, 1863, to June 13, 1864; as Chief Engineer of the Middle Department and 8th Army Corps, Apr. 20 to June 18, 1864; at the Military Academy, 1864, as Instructor of Practical Military Engineering, June 22 to Aug. 31, 1864, — Principal Assistant Professor of Engineering, June 22 to Aug. 31, 1864, — and Treasurer, June 22 to Aug. 31, 1864; in command of Detachment of Engineer Soldiers at West Point, N. Y., June 22 to Aug. 31, 1864; and as Member of Special Board of Engineers for the Defenses of San Francisco, Cal., Aug. 9, 1864, to Mar. 21, 1865, — of Board for Defenses of Willet's Point, N. Y., Apr. 9

(Bvt. Lieut.‑Col., Mar. 13, 1865,
for Faithful and Meritorious Services during the War,
and particularly for Services in Defense of Cumberland Gap
and the Ulterior Operations of General Morgan's Forces)

(Bvt. Colonel, Mar. 13, 1865,
for Gallant and Meritorious Services during the Rebellion: Declined)

to June 20, 1865, — and of Board, June 20 to Nov. 10, 1865; to carry out in detail the modifications of the Defenses in the vicinity of New York, as proposed by the Board of Jan. 27, 1864.

Served: as Superintending Engineer of the Defenses of Baltimore Harbor, Md., Nov. 10, 1865, to Sep. 11, 1867, — and of the Improvement

(Major, Corps of Engineers, Nov. 23, 1865)

of the Patapsco River, below Ft. McHenry, and of the Susquehanna River, near Havre de Grace, Nov. 10, 1865, to Sep. 11, 1867; as Assistant to the Chief of Engineers at Washington, D. C., Oct. 19, 1866, to Mar. 31, 1870; as Superintending Engineer of Fts. Monroe and Wool, Hampton Roads, Va., Feb. 19, 1870, to Aug. 8, 1874, — of the Defenses of Baltimore, Md., since Apr. 1, 1870, and Washington, D. C., Apr. 1,  p521 1870, to Aug. 21, 1882, — of Surveys and Improvements of Patapsco River, Md., since Nov. 6, 1870, — of Susquehanna River, near Havre de Grace, Md., Nov. 6, 1870, to July 31, 1884, — of Potomac River, near Washington and Georgetown, D. C., Nov. 12, 1870, to July, 1874, — of James River, Va., since July 20, 1870, — of Appomattox River, Va., July 20, 1870, to Nov., 1888, — of Rappahannock River, Va., July 28, 1870, to July, 1874, — of Norfolk Harbor, Va., Mar. 17, 1871, to July, 1874, and Oct. 11, 1887, to Nov. 23, 1888, — of Cape Fear River, N. C., Nov. 6, 1870, to July 15, 1875, — of Roanoke River, N. C., Mar., 1871, to July, 1874, — of Great Kanawha River, W. Va., since July, 1874, — no numerous less important works in Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, and North Carolina, since 1870 (except while on detached service); in charge of James River and Kanawha Canal, and its extension as the central water line to the mouth of the Great Kanawha, 1870‑71, 1874‑75, — of Examination of the condition of the Potomac Aqueduct Bridge, near Georgetown, D. C., 1876, — and of Surveys for Ship Canal to connect Delaware and Chesapeake Bays, 1878‑83; and as Member of

(Lieut.‑Colonel, Corps of Engineers, Jan. 2, 1881)

Board of Engineers on Improvement of Appomattox River, Aug., 1870, to May 2, 1871, — on Delaware Breakwater Harbor of Refuge, Nov. 8, 1871, to Aug. 29, 1872, — on Cape Fear River Improvement, Jan. 10‑26, 1871, — on the Improvement of Delaware River, at Horseshoe Shoals, Apr.‑May, 1873, and from Trenton to the mouth, 1884‑85, — on plan for a Ship Canal to connect the Lower Mississippi with the Gulf of Mexico, July 20, 1873, to Jan. 4, 1874, — to establish the Bulkhead Lines of Baltimore, Md., 1876, — to examine Movable Dams and other Works of Internal Improvement in France and Great Britain, 1877‑78, — to Examine Major Merrill's plan of Lock and Gate for Ohio River Movable Dam below Pittsburg, Pa., Mar. 28 to July 5, 1878, — on improvement of Columbia River at the Dalles and at its mouth, 1888‑90, including inspection in Europe of Hydraulic Lifts, and Inclined Planes for Boats, 1889, — of the Board of Engineers for Fortifications and Harbor and River Improvements, at New York city, Dec., 1886, to Jan., 1889, — and of various Special Engineer Boards, 1870‑90; in charge of the removal of wrecks in Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries, since 1883, — of the erection of Yorktown Monument, Va., July, 1881, to May, 1885, — of supervision of bridge across Great Kanawha River at Point Pleasant, June, 1887, to May, 1888; as Supervising Engineer of Districts in charge

(Colonel, Corps of Engineers, Jan. 10, 1887)

of junior officers in Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina, July 1, 1884, to Dec. 3, 1888, and Division Engineer for the inspection of engineer works in the southeasternº territory of the United States, since Dec. 3, 1888; as Member of Harbor-line Boards for New York, since Oct., 1888, and for Philadelphia, Norfolk, Portsmouth, Savannah, and Brunswick, 1889, — and of Light-house Board since Sep. 10, 1889.

Civil History. — Compiler of "Army Officer's Pocket Companion," 1861. Translator of Dufour's "Cours de Tactique," 1863, — and (jointly with Captain Mendell) of General Jomini's "Précis de l'Art de la Guerre," 1862. Member of American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1888. Deputy to the General Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church, 1880, 1883, and 1886.