Class of 1860

Military History. — Cadet at the Military Academy, July 1, 1855, to July 1, 1860, when he was graduated and promoted in the Army to

Bvt. Second Lieut., Top. Engineers, July 1, 1860.

Served as Asst. Top. Engineer at the headquarters of the Department of Oregon, Oct. 3, 1860, to July 14, 1861.

Served during the Rebellion of the Seceding States, 1861‑66: on Recruiting

(Second Lieut., Top. Engineers, June 10, 1861)

service for Top. Engineer Company, Sep. 3 to Oct. 14, 1861; as

(First Lieut., Top. Engineers, Sep. 9, 1861)

 p741  Chief Top. Engineer of the Port Royal Expeditionary Corps, Oct. 14, 1861, to Mar. 15, 1862, and of the Department of the South, Mar. 15 to Aug. 19, 1862, being engaged in various Reconnoissances and Explorations, — and Siege of Ft. Pulaski, Ga., Feb. to Apr., 1862, including its Bombardment and Surrender, Apr. 10‑11, 1862; in the Maryland Campaign

(Bvt. Major, Apr. 11, 1862,
for Gallant and Meritorious Services at the Capture of Ft. Pulaski, Ga.)

as Acting Aide-de‑Camp to Major-General McClellan, commanding the Army of the Potomac, Sep.‑Oct., 1862, being engaged in the Battle of South Mountain, Sep. 14, 1862, — and Battle of Antietam, Sep. 17, 1862; as Chief Top. Engineer of the Army of the Tennessee, Oct. 17, 1862, to Mar. 3, 1863, being engaged in Major-General Grant's flank Movement to Oxford, Mis., Nov.‑Dec., 1862; as Asst. Engineer and Inspector-

(Lieut.‑Colonel, Staff, U. S. Volunteers, Nov. 8, 1862, to Oct. 31, 1863)

General of the Army of the Tennessee in the Vicksburg Campaign, Mar. 3 to Oct. 31, 1863, being engaged in the attempt to turn Vicksburg by Moon Lake and the Yazoo Pass, Mar. 25 to Apr. 20, 1863, — Advance to Bruinsburg, Apr., 1863, — Battle of Port Gibson, May 1, 1863, — in Bridging the Bayou Pierre, May 3, 1863, — Action of Jackson,

(Captain, Corps of Engineers, May 7, 1863)

May 14, 1863, — Battle of Champion Hill, May 16, 1863, — Combat of the Big Black, May 17, 1863, — and Siege of Vicksburg, May 22 to July 4, 1863; in Engineer Operations about Chattanooga and on Expedition to East Tennessee, Oct. 31, 1863, to Feb. 1, 1864, being engaged in

(Brig.‑General, U. S. Volunteers, Oct. 31, 1863)

the Battle of Missionary Ridge, Nov. 23‑25, 1863, — Pursuit of the

(Bvt. Lieut.‑Col., Nov. 24, 1863,
for Gallant and Meritorious Services at the Battle of Chattanooga, Ten.)

enemy, Nov. 26‑27, 1863, — and March to the Relief of Knoxville, Nov. 28 to Dec. 4, 1863, constructing several bridges, particularly a trestle over the Little Tennessee, made in 32 hours, from dismantled houses; in charge of the Cavalry Bureau at Washington, D. C., Feb. 17 to Apr. 7, 1864; in the Richmond Campaign, in command of 3d Cavalry Division (Army of the Potomac), May 4 to Aug. 1, 1864, being engaged in the Action of Craig's Meeting House, May 5, 1864, — Capture of Spottsylvania

(Bvt. Colonel, May 5, 1864,
for Gallant and Meritorious Services at the Battle of the Wilderness)

C. H., May 8, 1864, — "Sheridan's Raid" to Haxall's Landing, and returning to New Castle, May 9‑29, 1864, cutting the Virginia Central Railroad, — Action of Beaver Dam, May 9‑10, 1864, — Battle of Yellow Tavern, May 11, 1864, — Combat of Meadow Bridge, May 12, 1864, — Action of Mechump's Creek, May 31, 1864, — Action of Ashland, June 1, 1864, — Action of Hawes's Shop, June 2, 1864, — Action of Tolopotomy, June 2, 1864, — Skirmish of Long Bridge, June 12, 1864, and of White Oak Swamp, June 13, 1864, — Raid to destroy the Danville and South Side Railroad, June 20‑30, 1864, participating in the Action at Nottoway C. H., June 23, and Roanoke Station, June 25, and Combat of Stony Creek, June 29, 1864, — and Cavalry Operations about Petersburg, July, 1864; in command of 3d Cavalry Division in the Shenandoah Campaign, Aug. 4 to Sep. 30, 1864, being engaged in the Action of Summit Point, Aug. 21, 1864, — Battle of Opequan, Sep. 19, 1864, — and Pursuit of the enemy, Sep. 20‑27, 1864; in command of Cavalry Corps of the Military Division of the Mississippi, Oct. 24, 1864,

 p742  (Bvt. Maj.‑General, U. S. Volunteers, Oct. 5, 1864,
for Gallant and Meritorious Services during the Rebellion)

to June 23, 1865; in Major-General Thomas's Tennessee Campaign, Nov.‑Dec., 1864, being engaged in driving the Rebel Cavalry across the Harpeth River during the Battle of Franklin, Nov. 30, 1864, — Battle of Nashville, Dec. 15‑16, 1864, — and Pursuit of General Hood to the Tennessee River, Dec., 1864; in command of Cavalry Expedition into Alabama

(Bvt. Brig.‑General, U. S. Army, Mar. 13, 1865,
for Gallant and Meritorious Services at the Battle of Nashville, Ten.)

and Georgia, Mar. 22 to Apr. 20, 1865, in the Action of Ebenezer Church, Apr. 1, 1865, — Assault and Capture of Selma,

(Bvt. Maj‑General, U. S. Army, Mar. 13, 1865,
for Gallant and Meritorious Services in the Capture of Selma, Ala.)

with large numbers of prisoners and stores, Apr. 2, 1865, — Surrender of Montgomery, Apr. 12, 1865, — Capture of Columbus, with great supplies and military establishments, Apr. 16, 1865, — Capitulation of Macon, Apr. 20, 1865, having in this brief Campaign of 28 days captured 5 fortified

(Major-General, U. S. Volunteers, Apr. 20, 1865)

cities, 23 stand of colors, 288 guns, and 6,820 prisoners, and finally on May 10, 1865, adding Jefferson Davis, the Rebel President, to the captures made by a detachment of his forces; in command of the Department of Georgia, July 28 to Oct. 7, 1865, — and of District of Columbus, Oct. 7, 1865, to Jan. 8, 1866; and on leave of absence, Dec. 19, 1865, to Apr. 26, 1866.

Mustered out of Volunteer Service, Jan. 8, 1866.

Served: as Asst. Engineer on the Defenses of the Delaware River and Bay, Apr. 26 to July 31, 1866; as Superintending Engineer of the Survey

(Lieut.‑Colonel, 35th Infantry, July 28, 1866)

of Rock and Illinois Rivers, July 31, 1866, to Sep. 2, 1870, — and of Des

(Unassigned, Mar. 3, 1869)

Moines and Rock Island Rapids of the Mississippi, Aug. 3, 1866, to Sep. 2, 1870; and on leave of absence, Sep. 2 to Dec. 31, 1870.

Honorably discharged, at his own request, Dec. 31, 1870.

Civil History. — Civil Engineer since 1870. Vice-President of St. Louis and Southeastern Railroad, 1870‑76; and Receiver and General Manager, 1876‑78. In the service of the United States superintending the Improvement of Illinois River, and Des Moines and Rock Island Rapids of the Mississippi, Jan. 1, 1871, to Apr. 3, 1876. Agent of a Commission to negotiate in Europe a loan for the Japanese Government, 1872. Member of the Board of Visitors to the United States Naval Academy, 1874. Chief Engineer of the Gilbert Elevated Railroad, in New York city, Jan. 25 to Sep. 1, 1876. Vice-President and General Manager of the New York and New England Railway, 1878‑80; and President, 1880‑83. Author of various articles in Magazines and in Appleton's American Encyclopaedia,º 1874; of "Life of General U. S. Grant," 1868; of "China, — Travels and Investigations in the Middle Kingdom, a Study of its Civilization and Probabilities, with a Glance at Japan," 1888; of "The Life and Services of Brevet Brig.‑General Andrew J. Alexander, U. S. Army," 1887; and of numerous papers on miscellaneous subjects, 1870‑90. Residence, Wilmington, Del.