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This webpage reproduces part of
Admiral William Veazie Pratt

by
Gerald E. Wheeler

U. S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D. C.
1974

The text is in the public domain.

This page has been carefully proofread
and I believe it to be free of errors.
If you find a mistake though,
please let me know!

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This site is not affiliated with the US Naval Academy.

 p429  Bibliography

William Veazie Pratt —
Manuscript Materials

The principal collection of manuscript materials concerning William Veazie Pratt is held at the Operational Archives of the Naval History Division, which is located in Washington Navy Yard, Washington, D. C. This large collection consists of a manuscript "Autobiography," personal correspondence with friends and family, official correspondence, orders, reports, unpublished writings and speeches, reprints of published articles, clippings, notebooks, memoranda books, and a large photographic collection. Another collection of Pratt materials, much smaller in terms of the admiral's personal correspondence, but rich in materials concerning his wife (Louise Johnson Pratt) and her family, is held by the Naval War College Archives, Newport, R. I.

Two other items of great importance for the biography of Admiral Pratt have been duplicated by the Operational Archives and added to the Pratt manuscripts. These are: (1) The fitness report file of Admiral Pratt which covers the years 1891‑1933; and (2) the promotion examining board file covering the years 1898‑1921.

Private Papers — Manuscript

Benson, William Shepherd, Collection. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

Borah, William E., Collection. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

Daniels, Josephus, Collection. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

Fullam, William F., Collection. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

Gibson, Hugh, Collection. Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, Stanford, California.

Johnson, Nelson T., Collection. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

Jones, Hilary P., Collection. Naval Historical Foundation Collection, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

Knox, Dudley W., Collection. Naval Historical Foundation Collection, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

Leahy, William D., Collection. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

McVay, Charles B., Collection. Naval Historical Foundation Collection, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

Roosevelt, Franklin D., Collection. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library, Hyde Park, N. Y.

Sims, William Sowden, Collection. Naval Historical Foundation Collection, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

Stimson, Henry L., Collection. Yale University Library, New Haven, Conn.

Taylor, Montgomery Meigs, Collection. Naval Historical Foundation Collection, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

 p430  U. S. Government Documents — Manuscript

The principal government manuscript records used for the biography of Admiral Pratt were those of the Navy Department. Most of the records are at the National Archives, but a very important group, the records of the General Board, is maintained at the Operational Archives. For more detailed information concerning the various record groups listed below, the researcher should consult: Dean C. Allard and Betty Bern, U. S. Naval History Sources in the Washington Area and Suggested Research Topics (Washington: Naval History Division, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, 1970).

Record Group 24 — National Archives. Records of the Bureau of Navigation and the Bureau of Naval Personnel. This includes the daily logbooks of those vessels in which Admiral Pratt served during his forty-eight years of active service, 1885‑1933. Logs consulted include:

Constellation, 1886, 1888
Atlanta, 1889‑1890
Chicago, 1889‑1891
Petrel, 1891‑1892
Mayflower, 1898
Newark, 1899‑1900
Kearsarge, 1902‑1904
St. Louis, 1908‑1910
California, 1910
Dixie, 1913‑1914
Birmingham, 1914
New York, 1919‑1920
Pennsylvania, 1923‑1924
Maryland, 1927
West Virginia, 1927
California, 1928
Texas, 1929‑1930

Record Group 38 — National Archives. Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations.

Record Group 45 — National Archives. Naval Records Collection of the Office of Naval Records and Library (predecessor of the Naval History Division), including miscellaneous records which are arranged chronologically by geographic areas. These area files have been microfilmed as National Archives Microfilm Publication 625. For this biography, Area Files 7 (North Atlantic region) and 10 (Western Pacific) were used.

Record Group 51 — National Archives. Records of the Bureau of the Budget.

Record Group 59 — National Archives. Central Files of the Department of State.

Record Group 80 — National Archives. General Records of the Navy Department.

Record Group 94 — National Archives. Files of the Adjutant General of the United States Army.

Record Group 313 — National Archives. Records of Naval Operating Forces.

Record Group 405 — National Archives. Records of the United States Naval Academy.

General Board Records — Operational Archives, Naval History Division. Four groups of records were used:

Logs of CDR Harold C. Train.

 p431  Reports of the General Board.

Hearings conducted by the General Board.

Minutes of Meetings of the General Board and its Executive Committee.

Joint Army-Navy Board Records — Operational Archives, Naval History Division.

Central Classified Records of the Secretary of the Navy/Chief of Naval Operations, 1940‑1947 — Operational Archives, Naval History Division.

U. S. Government Documents — Printed

U. S., Congress, House, Committee on Naval Affairs, Hearings on Sundry Legislation Affecting the Naval Establishment, 1922‑1923. (67th Cong. 2nd, 3rd, 4th sess., 1922‑1923) Washington: GPO, 1923.

U. S., Congress, House, Committee on Naval Affairs, Hearings on Sundry Legislation Affecting the Naval Establishment, 1930‑1931. (71st Cong. 3rd sess., 1930) Washington: GPO, 1931.

U. S., Congress, House, Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, Hearings on Navy Department Appropriation Bill for 1932. (71st Cong. 3rd sess., 1931) Washington: GPO, 1931.

U. S., Congress, Joint Committee, Hearings Before the Joint committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack (79th Cong. 1st and 2nd sess., 39 parts, 1945‑1946, pursuant to S. Con. Res. 27, 79th Cong.) Washington: GPO, 1946.

U. S., Congress, Senate, Committee on Foreign Relations, Hearings on Treaty on the Limitation of Naval Armaments (71st Cong. 2nd sess., 1930) Washington: GPO, 1930.

U. S., Congress, Senate, Subcommittee of the Committee on Naval Affairs, Hearings: Naval Investigation. (66th Cong. 2nd sess., 2 vols., 1921) Washington: GPO, 1921.

U. S., Congress, Senate, Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, Hearings on Navy Department Appropriation Bill for 1928, H. R. 15641. (69th Cong. 2nd sess., 1927) Washington: GPO, 1927.

U. S., Department of the Navy, Annual Report of the Navy Department for the Fiscal Year [1923‑1933]. Washington: GPO, 1923‑1933.

U. S., Department of the Navy, Naval History Division, The Chiefs of Naval Operations and Admiral's House. Washington: GPO, 1967.

U. S., Department of the Navy, Register of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy of the United States and of the Marine Corps to January 1, [1890‑1933]. Washington: GPO, 1890‑1933.

U. S., Department of the Navy, Report of the General Board on Limitation of Armaments. Washington: GPO, 1921.

U. S., Department of State, Conference on the Limitation of Armament: Washington, November 12, 1921-February 6, 1922 Washington: GPO, 1922.

U. S., Department of State, Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States [1930‑1933]. 16 vols., Washington: GPO, 1945, 1946, 1948, 1950‑1952.

U. S., Department of State, Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States: Japan: 1931‑1941. 2 vols., Washington: GPO, 1943.

 p432  U. S., Department of State, "Proceedings of the London Naval Conference of 1930 and Supplementary Documents," Conference Series, No. 6. Washington: GPO, 1931.

Autobiographies, Biographies, Memoirs, and Journals

Arnold, H. H., Global Mission. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1949.

Arpee, Edward, From Frigates to Flat-Tops: The Story of the Life and Achievements of Rear Admiral William Adger Moffett, U. S. N. Lake Forest, Ill.: Privately printed, 1953.

Baker, Ray Stannard, War Leader, 1917‑1918, Vol. VII of Woodrow Wilson, Life and Letters. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1939.

Coontz, Robert E., From the Mississippi to the Sea. Philadelphia: Dorrance and Company, 1930.

Dawes, Charles G., Journal As Ambassador to Great Britain. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1939.

Evans, Holden A., One Man's Fight for a Better Navy. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1940.

Fiske, Bradley A., From Midshipman to Rear-Admiral. New York: The Century Co., 1919.

Gleaves, Albert, The Life of an American Sailor: Rear Admiral William Hemsley Emory, United States Navy. New York: George H. Doran Company, 1923.

Hendrick, Burton J., The Life and Letters of Walter H. Page, 3 vols., Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Page and Company, 1922.

Hoover, Herbert, The Memoirs of Herbert Hoover: The Cabinet and the Presidency, 1920‑1933. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1952.

James, D. Clayton, 1880‑1941, Vol. I of The Years of MacArthur. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1970.

King, Ernest J. and Walter Muir Whitehill, Fleet Admiral King: A Naval Record. New York: W. W. Norton Co., 1952.

Lejeune, John A., Reminiscences of a Marine. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, Doran and Co., 1930.

Morison, Elting E., Admiral Sims and the Modern American Navy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1942.

–––––––––, Turmoil and Tradition: A Study of the Life and Times of Henry L. Stimson. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1960.

Morrison, Joseph L., Josephus Daniels: The Small‑d Democrat. Chapel Hill, N. C.: University of North Carolina Press, 1966.

Pusey, Merlo J., Charles Evans Hughes, 2 vols., New York: The Macmillan Company, 1952.

Schroeder, Seaton, A Half Century of Naval Service. New York and London: D. Appleton and Company, 1922.

Seymour, Charles, Letters from the Paris Peace Conference, ed. Harold B. Whiteman, Jr., New Haven, Conn. and London: Yale University Press, 1965.

Stirling, Yates, Sea Duty: The Memoirs of a Fighting Admiral. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1939.

 p433  Wiley, Henry A., An Admiral From Texas. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, Doran and Co., 1934.

Wilson, Eugene E., Slipstream: The Autobiography of an Air Craftsman. New York: McGraw-Hill Company, 1950.

Zogbaum, Rufus F., From Sail to Saratoga, A Naval Autobiography. Rome: Tipografia Italo-Orientale, 1961.

Books, Monographs, and Treatises

Agoncillo, Teodoro A., Malolos: The Crisis of the Republic. Quezon City, Philippines: University of the Philippines, 1960.

Baker, Ray Stannard, Woodrow Wilson and World Settlement, Written from his Unpublished and Personal Material. 3 vols., Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, Page and Company, 1922.

Braisted, William R., The United States Navy in the Pacific, 1897‑1909. Austin, Tex.: University of Texas Press, 1958.

–––––––––, The United States Navy in the Pacific, 1909‑1922. Austin, Tex.: University of Texas Press, 1971.

Caraley, Demetrios, The Politics of Military Unification: A Study of Conflict and the Policy Process. New York and London: Columbia University Press, 1966.

Churchill, Winston S., Their Finest Hour, Vol. II of The Second World War. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1949.

Clifford, Nicholas R., Retreat from China: British Policy in the Far East, 1937‑1941. Seattle, Wash. and London: University of Washington Press, 1967.

Cronon, E. David, ed., The Cabinet Diaries of Josephus Daniels, 1913‑1921. Lincoln, Nebr.: University of Nebraska Press, 1963.

Current, Richard N., Secretary Stimson, A Study in Statecraft. New Brunswick, N. J.: Rutgers University Press, 1954.

Daniels, Roger, The Politics of Prejudice. New York: Athenaeum, 1968.

Davis, Forrest, The Atlantic System: The Story of Anglo-American Control of the Seas. New York: Reynal and Hitchcock, 1941.

Davis, George T., A Navy Second to None; The Development of Modern American Naval Policy. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1940.

Divine, Robert A., Second Chance: The Triumph of Internationalism in America During World War II. New York: Athenaeum, 1967.

Exercise of the Graduating Class of the Belfast High School, June 24, 1885. Belfast, Me.: Belfast Historical Society, 1885.

Ferrell, Robert H., American Diplomacy in the Great Depression: Hoover-Stimson Foreign Policy, 1929‑1933. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1957.

Fosdick, Raymond B. and Albert L. Scott, Toward Liquor Control. New York and London: Harper and Brothers, 1933.

Fowler, W. B., British-American Relations 1917‑1918: The Role of Sir William Wiseman. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1969.

Frothingham, Thomas G., The United States in the War, 1917‑1918, Vol. 3 of The Naval History of the World War. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1926.

 p434  Herrick, Walter R., Jr., The American Naval Revolution. Baton Rouge, La.: Louisiana State University Press, 1966.

Hoover, Herbert, The Constructive Character of the Republican Party. New York: Privately printed, 1952.

Johnson, Alfred, ed., Marriages and Deaths, Vol. II of Vital Records of Belfast, Maine to the Year 1892. Boston: Maine Historical Society, 1919.

Karsten, Peter, The Naval Aristocracy: The Golden Age of Annapolis and the Emergence of Modern American Navalism. New York and London: Free Press, Collier-Macmillan Ltd., 1972.

Kittredge, Tracy B., Naval Lessons of the Great War. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, Page and Company, 1921.

Knox, Dudley W., The Eclipse of American Sea Power. New York: The Army and Navy Journal, 1922.

Koginos, Manny T., The Panay Incident: Prelude to War. Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue University Studies, 1967.

Lockwood, Charles A. and Hans Christian Adamson, Tragedy at Honda. Philadelphia and New York: Chilton Company, 1960.

MacDonald, Scot, Evolution of Aircraft Carriers. Washington: Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, GPO, 1964.

Mahan, Alfred T., The Interest of America in Sea Power, Present and Future. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1898.

Marcus, G. J., The Formative Centuries, Vol. I of A Naval History of England. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1961.

Miller, Francis Pickens, ed., Some Regional Views on Foreign Policy. New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1939.

Morison, Samuel Eliot, The Two‑Ocean War: A Short History of the United States Navy in the Second World War. Boston and Toronto: Little, Brown and Company, 1963.

Murray, Robert K., The Harding Era: Warren G. Harding and His Administration, Minneapolis, Minn.: University of Minnesota Press, 1969.

Newport Social Index, 1912. Newport, R. I.: Newport Social Index Publishing Co., 1912.

Norris, Walter B., Annapolis and Its Colonial and Naval Story. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co., 1925.

O'Connor, Raymond G., Perilous Equilibrium: The United States and the London Naval Conference of 1930. Lawrence, Ks.: University of Kansas Press, 1962.

O'Gara, Gordon Carpenter, Theodore Roosevelt and the Rise of the Modern Navy. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1943.

Osgood, Robert Endicott, Ideals and Self-Interest in America's Foreign Relations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1953.

Perry, Hamilton Darby, The Panay Incident: Prelude to Pearl Harbor. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1969.

Pomeroy, Earl S., Pacific Outpost: American Strategy in Guam and Micronesia. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1951.

Pratt, W. V., Address: The Aspects of Higher Command. Newport, R. I.: Naval War College, 1929.

 p435  –––––––––, Limitation of Armament: A Many Sided Problem. U. S. S. Texas, 1930.

Rappaport, Armin, Henry L. Stimson and Japan, 1931‑1933. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1963.

–––––––––, The Navy League of the United States. Detroit, Mich.: Wayne State University Press, 1962.

Roskill, Stephen W., The Period of Anglo-American Antagonism, 1919‑1929, Vol. I of Naval Policy between the Wars. London: Collins, 1968.

Sims, William Sowden, The Victory at Sea. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, Page and Company, 1921.

Sprout, Harold and Margaret, The Rise of American Naval Power, 1776‑1918. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1946.

–––––––––, Toward a New Order of Sea Power: American Naval Policy and the World Scene, 1918‑1922. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1943.

Stein, Harold, ed., American Civil-Military Decisions: A Book of Case Studies. Birmingham, Ala.: University of Alabama Press, 1963.

Tillman, Seth P., Anglo-American Relations at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1961.

Turnbull, Archibald D. and Clifford L. Lord, History of United States Naval Aviation. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1949.

U. S., Bureau of the Census, The Statistical History of the United States From Colonial Times to the Present. Stamford, Conn.: Fairfield Publishers, Inc., 1965.

Wheeler, Gerald E., Prelude to Pearl Harbor: The United States Navy and the Far East, 1921‑1931. Columbia, Mo.: University of Missouri Press, 1963.

Williamson, Joseph, 1875‑1900, Vol. II of History of the City of Belfast in the State of Maine, ed., Alfred Johnson. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1913.

Articles

Andrade, Ernest, Jr., "The Ship That Never Was: The Flying-Deck Cruiser," Military Affairs, December, 1968.

–––––––––, "Submarine Policy in the United States Navy, 1919‑1941," Military Affairs, April, 1971.

Buell, Thomas B., "Preparing for World War II," Part I of "Admiral Raymond A. Spruance and the Naval War College," Naval War College Review, March, 1971.

Hayes, John D., "The Engineering, Gunnery, and Aviation Years," Part I of "Admiral Joseph Mason Reeves, USN (1872‑1948)," Naval War College Review, November, 1970.

–––––––––, "Commanding the U. S. Fleet and in World War II," Part II of "Admiral Joseph Mason Reeves, USN (1872‑1948)," Naval War College Review, January, 1972.

–––––––––, "William Veazie Pratt, 1869‑1957," Shipmate, June‑July, 1963.

Hoover, Herbert, "The Effective Military Policy for Us," Reader's Digest, May, 1952.

 p436  Krauskopf, Robert W., "The Army and the Strategic Bomber, 1930‑1939," Military Affairs, Summer, 1959.

MacDonald, Scot, "Evolution of Aircraft Carriers: Emergence of Escort Carriers," Naval Aviation News, December, 1962.

Moffett, William Adger, "Air Service versus Air Force," The Forum, February, 1926.

Nomura, Kichisaburo, "Japan's Demand for Naval Equality," Foreign Affairs, January, 1935.

Pratt, W. V., "America As a Factor in World Peace," The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, July, 1923.

–––––––––, "The Case for the Naval Treaty," Current History, April, 1923.

–––––––––, "Disarmament and the National Defense," United States Naval Institute Proceedings, September, 1929.

–––––––––, "Lest They Forget," United States Naval Institute Proceedings, April, 1933.

–––––––––, "Naval Policy and Its Relation to World Politics," United States Naval Institute Proceedings, June, 1923.

–––––––––, "Naval Policy and the Naval Treaty," North American Review, May, 1922.

–––––––––, "The Naval War College: An Outline of the Past and Description of the Present," United States Naval Institute Proceedings, September, 1927.

–––––––––, "Our Naval Policy," United States Naval Institute Proceedings, July, 1932.

–––––––––, "Pending Naval Questions," Foreign Affairs, April, 1935.

–––––––––, "The Setting for the 1935 Naval Conference," Foreign Affairs, July, 1934.

–––––––––, "Should 'Peace Day' Supplant Armistice Day," United States News, November, 1939.

–––––––––, "Some Considerations Affecting Naval Policy," United States Naval Institute Proceedings, November, 1922.

–––––––––, "The Tide Has Turned in the Pacific," London News Chronicle, June, 1942.

Reagan, Michael D., "The Far Eastern Crisis of 1931‑1932: Stimson, Hoover and the Armed Services," in American Civil-Military Decisions: A Book of Case Studies, ed. Harold Stein, Birmingham, Ala.: University of Alabama Press, 1963.

Wheeler, Gerald E., "National Policy Planning Between the World Wars: Conflict Between Means and Ends," Naval War College Review, February, 1969.

–––––––––, "The War College Years of Admiral Harris Laning, U. S. Navy," Naval War College Review, March, 1969.

–––––––––, "William Veazie Pratt, U. S. Navy: A Silhouette of an Admiral," Naval War College Review, May, 1969.

Unpublished Dissertations, Theses, and Manuscripts

Laning, Harris, "An Admiral's Yarn" ["Autobiography"]. Unpublished manuscript, Naval War College Archives, Newport, R. I.

U. S., Army War College, "Chronicle of the Army War College." Unpublished manuscript, Army War College Archives, Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania.

U. S., Naval War College, "Outline History of the United States Naval War College, 1884 to Date." Unpublished manuscript, Naval War College Archives, Newport, R. I.

 p437  U. S., Naval War College, Class of 1927 Committee No. 1, "Class of 1927 Report of Committee on 'A Logistic Study of the Pacific Area As a Theater of Operations in an Orange-Blue War. . . .' " Unpublished report, Naval War College Archives, Newport, R. I.

U. S., Department of the Navy, Naval History Division, "United States Naval Administration in World War II," Unpublished manuscript, Naval History Division.

Wilson, John R. M., "Herbert Hoover and the Armed Forces: A Study of Presidential Attitudes and Policy." Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Northwestern University, 1971.

Winkler, Fred Herbert, "The United States and the World Disarmament Conference, 1926‑1935: A Study of the Formulation of Foreign Policy." Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Northwestern University, 1957.

Newspapers and Periodicals

Army and Navy Journal, 1900‑1933

Army and Navy Register, 1900‑1933

Congressional Record, 1921

Literary Digest, 1924

Newport Daily News (Newport, R. I.), 1925‑1927

Newsweek, 1940‑1946

New York Times, 1919‑1933

New York Times-Herald, 1928

New York Tribune, 1918

Portland Press Herald (Portland, Me.), 1939

The Republican Journal (Belfast, Maine), 1902‑1958

San Diego Tribune, 1920‑1923

San Francisco Examiner, 1930


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