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previous: Book I Chapter 7 This webpage reproduces a section of Italy and Her Invaders by Thomas Hodgkin 2nd edition Oxford University Press London, 1892 The text, and illustrations except as noted, are in the public domain. This page has been carefully proofread and I believe it to be free of errors. If you find a mistake though, please let me know! next: Book I Note E

Book 1 (continued)

Vol. I
p407 Note D
The Altar of Victory

It may be a convenience to the reader to have the chief events of the long and stubborn controversy in reference to the Altar of Victory presented in the form of a summary.

Altar of Victory placed in the Senate-house by Augustus after the battle of Actium, B.C. 29; removed by Constantius during his visit to Rome, A.D. 357; replaced by Julian, 360‑363; removed by Gratian, possibly in 376, but more probably in 382; embassy of Symmachus and other Roman nobles to remonstrate against the removal; influenced by Pope Damasus, Gratian refuses them an audience, 382; petition of the Senate for the restoration of the altar, 384; first letter of St. Ambrose to Valentinian II against this petition; Relatio of Symmachus, pleading with Theodosius for the restoration of the altar; second letter of St. Ambrose replying to the Relatio, 384; renewed embassies of the Senate to Theodosius and Valentinian II (Ambrose, Epistol. 57.4), circa 391 and 392; the altar restored by Eugenius, 393 (Paulinus, Vita Ambrosii, 26); doubtless finally removed by Theodosius after the overthrow of Eugenius, 395. But this is not expressly stated by the historians.

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