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This webpage reproduces a section of


Survey of Ukrainian Historiography
By Dmytro Doroshenko

published by
The Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences
in the U. S., Inc.,
1957

The text is in the public domain.

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 p157  Publishers of Historical Materials and Researchers into Local Antiquity

As has already been mentioned, apart from great scholars like Maksymovych, Bodyansky, Kostomarov, and Kulish, there were many less prominent workers in the field of Ukrainian historiography during the 1840's and 1850's. They all came from the ranks of the Ukrainian gentry which had best preserved the traditions of the past and cultivated it like the earlier generations. It is only in the 1860's and 1870's, when cosmopolitan and radical ideas came to Ukraine from Muscovy, that this old Ukrainian patriotism and this old spirit of national and historical tradition began to disappear among the gentry, descendants of the Cossack starshyna. From that time onwards the Ukrainian movement was mostly represented by the members of other classes, mainly by the urban intelligentsia. That is the reason for the decay of the national and historical tradition at the end of the nineteenth century, when the problem of Ukrainian independence had to be raised anew and the young generation found little support for their claim to Ukrainian independence among the older people, brought up in the spirit of ideas of Populism and statelessness. Hence the younger generation, not having found any support in tradition, relegated the question of Ukrainian statehood to a secondary plane and became interested in other problems raised by the Russian progressive circles, which influenced the ideas of the Ukrainian intelligentsia.

p158 M. Sudiyenko, O. Markovych, and M. Bilozersky, were most active in publishing historical materials.

Mykhaylo Sudiyenko (1803‑1871) was a wealthy land­owner in the District of Novhorod Siversky where he owned the beauti­ful Ochkino estate on the River Desna. From 1848‑57 he was the chairman of the Kiev Archeographic Commission. His greatest contribution to Ukrainian historiography was his publishing of Opisanie Chernigovskago namestnichestva (The Description of the Chernihiv Vicegerency) by O. Shafonsky, Kiev, 1851. He published also Materialy dlya otechestvennoi istorii, Kiev, 1853, 2 vols., which contained the journal of Hetman Apostol's journey to Moscow in 1728, as well as the latter's proclamations, a description of his estates, and the correspondence of Hetman Ivan Skoropadsky.

Oleksander Markovych (1790‑1865), the younger brother of Yakiv Mykhailovych Markovych, one of the most cultured and educated men of his time, was Marshal of Nobility of the Chernihiv Province and resided at his estate in the village of Svarkiv near Hlukhiv, which had been acquired by his grandfather, the author of Diary. Markovych collected materials on Ukrainian history and printed some of them in 1824 in the journal Ukrainskii Zhurnal. He was the compiler of Istori­cheskaya i statisti­cheskaya zapiska o dvoryanskom soslovii i dvoryanskikh imushchestvakh v Chernigovskoi gubernii (Historical and Statistical Note About the Nobility and the Nobles' Estates in the Province of Chernihiv) published in Materialy dlya statistiki Rossiiskoi imperii (Materials for Statistics in the Russian Empire) of the Ministry of the Interior, 1841, vol. 2. It was later republished in Chernihiv (1894) [. . .] In 1859 Markovych published the Diary of his grandfather as Dnevnyya Zapiski malorossiiskago general'nago podskarbiya Yakova Markovicha (The Daily Notes of the Little Russian General Treasurer, Yakiv Markovych), Moscow, 2 vols. [. . .]

Mykola Bilozersky (1833‑1896), the brother of Oleksandra Kulish and of Vasyl' Bilozersky, the editor of Osnova, was a land­owner in the District of Borzna. During his youth he was strongly influenced by Kulish. He was interested in Ukrainian  p159 ethnography and participated in the publication Sbornik malorusskikh pesen' (A Collection of Little Russian Songs) by A. Metlynsky (1854). Bilozersky published Yuzhnorusskiya letopisi, otkrytyya i izdannyya N. Belozerskim (South Russian Chronicles, Discovered and Edited by M. Bilozersky), vol. I, Kiev 1856. It comprised: 1) "Chernigovskaya letopis' 1587‑1750" (The Chernihiv Chronicle 1587‑1750); 2) "Kratkoie letoizobrazitel'noe opisanie 1506‑1783" (A Short Chronicle from 1506‑1783); 3) "Khronologiya vysokoslavnykh i yasnovel'mozhnykh getmanov 1505‑1765" (A Chronology of the Renowned and Illustrious Hetmans 1505‑1765); 4) "Imyannaya rospis' malorossiiskikh getmanov 1505‑1782" (A Chronological Index of Little Russian Hetmans 1505‑1782); 5) "Slovo vo vremya bezdozhdiya" (Sermon at the Time of Drought); 6) "Lement lyudey pobozhnykh, shcho sya stalo v Lytovskoy zemli" (Lament of the Pious People on Events in the Lithuanian Land). This publication was well received by Maksymovych, Kostomarov, and Lazarevsky. At the end of his life Bilozersky published two articles in Kievskaya Starina, one about Shevchenko (1882, X), and "Otryvki i zametki o malorusskoi starine" (Notes and Extracts About Little Russian Antiquity), 1884, V.

The Kiev Governor Ivan Fundukley helped to publish Obozrenie Kieva v otnoshenii k drevnostyam (A Survey of Kiev in Relation to Antiquity), Kiev, 1847 (text prepared by S. Kryzhanovsky and edited by M. Maksymovych); Obozrenie mogil, valov, i gorodishch Kievskoi gubernii (A Survey of the Burial Mounds, Defensive Walls and Settlements in Kiev Province), Kiev, 1848, (text by M. Grabowski); and Statisti­cheskoe opisanie Kievskoi gubernii (A Statistical Description of the Kiev Province), 3 vols. St. Petersburg, 1852 (text by D. Zhuravsky).

Among the numerous researchers in local antiquities, Mykola Zakrevsky (1805‑1871), the historian of Kiev deserves special mention. As early as 1836 he published Ocherk istorii goroda Kieva (An Outline of the History of Kiev), Revel; later he published an expanded edition of it entitled Letopis' i opisanie goroda Kieva (A Chronicle and Description of the City of Kiev), Moscow, 1858; and finally Opisanie Kieva (A Description of  p160 Kiev) in 2 vols. published by the Moscow Archeological Society in Moscow, in 1868. This is the most important work on the history and archeology of Kiev. Zakrevsky is also the author of a collection of ethnographic material entitled Starosvetskii bandurista (An Old‑fashioned Bandurist), Moscow, 1860‑61.

Archbishop Filaret Humilevsky (1805‑1866), although not of Ukrainian origin, rendered great service to the history of the Ukrainian Church, to the administration of Kharkiv and Chernihiv Provinces, and to the history of the population of these lands. He studied local archives while he was the Bishop of Kharkiv and Chernihiv and published the results of his investigations in Istoriko-statisticheskoe opisanie Khar'kovskoi eparkhii (A Historical and Statistical Description of the Diocese of Kharkiv), 1857‑1859, and Istoriko-statisticheskoe opisanie Chernigovskoi eparkhii (A Historical and Statistical Description of the Chernihiv Diocese), 1871‑74.

Hryhoriy Kvitka, (1778‑1843), the "father of the Ukrainian novel, wrote several distinguished historical studies of the Slobidska Ukraine: 1) Kratkoe opisanie zhizni Ioasafa Gorlenka (A Short Description of the Life of Ioasaf Horlenko), Kiev, 1836; 2) "Istoriko-statisticheskoe opisanie Slobozhan­shchyna), Khar'k. Gub. Vedomosti, 1838; 3) "Golovatyi, Materialy dlya istorii Malorossii" (Holovatyi, Materials for Little Russian History), Otechestvennyya Zapiski, 1838, No. 11; 4) "O slobodskikh polkakh" (Of the Slobidsky Regiments), Sovremennik, 1840; 5) "Ukraintsy," (The Ukrainians), Sovremennik, 1841; 6) "Gorod Khar'kov" (The City of Kharkiv), Sovremennik, 1840.

Hryhoriy Danylevsky (1829‑1890) devoted himself to the history of the Province of Kharkiv in his Ukrainskaya starina (Ukrainian Antiquity), 1863.

Vadym Passek (1807‑1842) also dealt with the history of the Kharkiv Province in several of his works. He aided in the popularization of Ukrainian history through his Ocherki Rossii (Russian Survey), 5 vols., 1838‑42, in which Sreznevsky was one of the collaborators. Passek is also the author of Istoriko-statisticheskoe opisanie Khar'kovskoi gubernii (A Historical and Statistical  p161 Description of the Kharkiv Province), published in the first volume of the Materialy dlya statistiki Rossiiskoi Imperii (1839); there appeared also Passek's Goroda Khar'kovskoi gubernii (The Towns of the Kharkiv Province).

Apolon Skal'kovsky (1808‑1898) devoted himself to the history of Zaporozhe and the South Ukraine. He made use of the archives of the Last Zaporozhian Sich. In 1840 he published Ocherki Zaporozh'ya (A Zaporozhian Survey) in the Zhurnal Ministerstva Narodnago Prosveshcheniya, 1840, Nos. 3‑4. In the same year there appeared in Odessa his Istoriya Novoi Sechi ili poslednyago Kosha Zaporozhskago (A History of the New Sich, or of the Last Zaporozhian Kish) which because of its rich documentary material continues to be useful today. A second edition of it was published in 1846, and in 1885‑86 a third edition came out in three volumes in Odessa. Skal'kovsky also wrote the following articles: "Snosheniya Zaporozh'ya s Krymom v 1749 g." (The Relations between Zaporozhe and Crimea in 1749), Odesskii Vestnik, 1841, No. 72‑73; "Naezdy gaidamak na Zapadnuyu Ukrainu v XVIII st. (1738‑1768)" (The Raids of the Haydamaks on Western Ukraine in the XVIII Century, 1738‑1768), Odessa, 1845; [. . .] "Dunaitsy: Epizod iz turetskoi kampanii 1769‑1774 gg." (Dunaytsy: An Episode from the Turkish Campaign of 1769‑1774), Vremennik, 1854, No. 19; and others. Later he published in Kievskaya Starina "Filip Orlik i zaporozhtsy" (Philip Orlyk and the Zaporozhians), 1882, IV; "Neskol'ko dokumentov iz istorii gaidamachestva" (Some Documents from the History of the Haydamaks) 1885, X; "Astronom Eiler v Sechi Zaporozhskoi v 1770 g." (Astronomer Eyler on the Zaporozhian Sich in 1770), 1891, X; and others.

The Katerynoslav Archbishop Havriil Rozanov (deceased 1856) contributed a great deal to the history of Zaporozhe. He was the author of a treatise on the Zaporozhian Samara Monastery (1838), of "Otryvok iz povestvovaniya o Novorossiiskom krae 1751‑1786" (Notes of the Narrations on the Novorossiya Land 1751‑1756), Zapiski Odesskago obshchestva istorii i drevnostei, III‑V, 1853; Ocherk povestvovaniya o Novorossiiskom krae iz original'nykh  p162 istochnikov pocherpnutyi (A Survey of the Novorossia Land Based on Original Sources), 1857; and he was the editor of the Memoirs of Mykyta Korzh, an old Zaporozhian Cossack, (1842).​93 His works based on archival material are still useful.

Bibliography

Literature on O. Markovych:

A. Lazarevsky, "Pamyati A. M. Markovicha," Kievskaya Starina, 1892, IX; A. Lazarevsky, "Prezhnie izyskateli malorusskoi stariny," Kievskaya Starina, 1897, I‑II; also Ocherki, zametki i dokumenty po istorii Malorossii, vol. IV, Kiev, 1898; A. Lazarevsky, "Odin iz priyatelei Gogolya (A. M. Markovich)," Chteniya Nestora, v. XVI, Kiev, 1902.

Literature on M. Bilozersky:

A. L. (O. Lazarevsky), "Pamyati N. M. Belozerskago," Kievskaya Starina, 1891, I.

Literature on M. Zakrevsky:

A. Pypin, Malorusskaya etnografiya, St. Petersburg, 1891; D. Evarnytsky, "Malorossiiskii etnograf N. V. Zakrevsky," Letopis' Ekaterinoslavskoi Arkhivnoi Komissii, v. VI, 1913; also by the same author in Istori­cheskii Vestnik, 1913, X.

Literature on A. Skal'kovsky:

Kievskaya Starina, 1898, I; M. Hrushevsky, "A. Skal'kovsky," ZNTSH, 1899, I; V. Bidnov, "Apolon Skal'kovsky yak istoryk Stepovoyi Ukrayiny," Naukovyi yuvileyni zbirnyk Ukrayin­s'koho Universytetu v Prazi, prysvyachenyi Masarykovi, vol. I, Prague, 1925.

The Author's or the Editor's Note:

93 Memoirs of Mykyta Korzh were published in Ukrainian by Oleksa Storozhenko in Vol. 2 of his Ukrayins'ki opovidannya, St. Petersburg, 1863.

About the Korzh Memoirs see V. Bidnov, " 'Ustnoe povestvovanie zaporozhtsa N. L. Korzha' ta yoho pokhodzhennya y znachinnya," Pratsi Ukrayin­s'koho Istorychno-Filolohichnoho Tovarystva v Prazi, vol. I, Prague, 1926, and separately, Prague, 1925.

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