[Much of my site will be useless to you if you've got the images turned off!]

p323 Columbarium

Article by Anthony Rich, Jun. B.A. of Caius College, Cambridge
on p323 of

William Smith, D.C.L., LL.D.:
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, John Murray, London, 1875.

COLUMBA′RIUM, literally a dove-cote or pigeon-house, is used to express a variety of objects, all of which however derive their name from their resemblance to a dove-cote.

A sepulchral chamber. [Funus.]
In a machine used to raise water for the purpose of irrigation, as described by Vitruvius (X.4),º the vents through which the water was conveyed into the receiving trough, were termed Columbaria. This will be understood by referring to the woodcut at p100 [Antlia]. The difference between that representation and the machine now under consideration, consisted in the following points:— The wheel of the latter is a solid one (tympanum), instead of radiated (rota); and was worked as a treadmill, by men who stood upon platforms projecting from the flat sides, instead of being turned by a stream. Between the intervals of each platform a series of grooves or channels (columbaria) were formed in the sides of the tympanum, through which the water taken up by a number of scoops placed on the outer margin of the wheel, like the jars in the cut referred to, was conducted into a wooden trough below (labrum ligneum suppositum, Vitruv. l.c.).
The cavities which receive the extreme ends of the beams upon which a roof is supported (tignorum cubilia), and which are represented by triglyphs in the Doric order, were termed Columbaria by the Roman architects; that is, whilst they remained empty, and until filled up by the head of the beam.a The corresponding Greek term was ὀραί (from ὀπή, a hole), and hence the space between two such cavities, that is, in the complete building, between two triglyphs, was called μετόπη, a metope (Vitruv. IV.2; Marquez, Dell' Ordine Dorico, VII.37).

Thayer's Note:

a and two thousand years later when the beams have gone, and the funeral urns have gone, sure enough, #1 and #3 are very hard to tell apart; a picture is worth a thousand words.

Images with borders lead to more information.
The thicker the border, the more information. (Details here.)

UP TO:

Smith's Dictionary

LacusCurtius

Home

A page or image on this site is in the public domain ONLY if its URL has a total of one *asterisk. If the URL has two **asterisks, the item is copyright someone else, and used by permission or fair use. If the URL has none the item is © Bill Thayer.

p323 Columbarium

Article by Anthony Rich, Jun. B.A. of Caius College, Cambridge on p323 of

William Smith, D.C.L., LL.D.: A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, John Murray, London, 1875.

Thayer's Note:

Article by Anthony Rich, Jun. B.A. of Caius College, Cambridge
on p323 of

William Smith, D.C.L., LL.D.:
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, John Murray, London, 1875.